试论辞格的施事功能

辞格是修辞学重要的构成要素,对辞格的研究一直是修辞学的核心任务。然而,在今天各种学术运动不断涌现的背景下,辞格研究发生了很大的变化。研究突破了过去修辞学的传统,将辞格与其他现代的学科领域及研究内容结合起来,从而进行跨学科的研究。从语用学言语行为理论的角度看,辞格在语言交际中具有交际功能,即交际中的辞格话语是种种言语行为的实施,这种行为的实施是通过态度的表达来完成的。辞格的这一施事功能事实有力地证明了言语行为理论对于分析辞格的可行性。

On the Illocutionary Function of Figurative Utterances

As an important constituent element of rhetoric,figures of speech has long been elaborately studied.But,under the circumstance of modern intellectual movements,today's approach to figures is far a cry from what it used to be.The present trend turns out to be that various figures have come to be aligned with programs of other modern disciplines and interdisciplinarily studied.Viewed from the perspective of speech act theory,figurative utterances are just employed to perform various speech acts.These speech acts are mainly realized by means of attitudes that figures themselves convey.Such illocutionary function of figures of speech forcefully demonstrates that figurative utterances can be described and analyzed within the framework of speech act theory.