Otitis media,the quality of child care,and the social/communicative behavior of toddlers: A replication and extension |
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| Institution: | 1. School of Education, University of North Carolina, 304 Peabody Hall, CB3500, Chapel Hill, NC 27599-3500, USA;2. Department of Human Development & Family Studies, The Pennsylvania State University, 110 Henderson Building South, University Park, PA 16802, USA;1. Department of Neurology and Penn Frontotemporal Degeneration Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, PA, USA;2. Volen National Center for Complex Systems, Brandeis University, Waltham, MA, USA;3. Department of Otolaryngology, Washington University in St. Louis, St. Louis, MO, USA;1. Bariatric Surgery Unit – Department of Experimental Medicine and Surgery, Tor Vergata University, Rome, Italy;2. Bariatric and Metabolic Surgery Unit – Azienda Ospedaliera-Universitaria Pisana, Pisa, Italy;3. VII Department of Surgery – La Sapienza University, Rome, Italy;4. Department of General Surgery – S. Giovanni Bosco Hospital, Naples, Italy;1. Department of Speech-Language Pathology and Audiology, University of Pretoria, South Africa;2. Ear Sciences Centre, School of Surgery, University of Western Australia, Nedlands, Australia;3. Ear Science Institute Australia, Subiaco, Australia;1. Department of Surgery, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL;2. Department of Surgery, One:MAP Section of Surgical Analytics, Loyola University Chicago, Maywood, IL;3. Department of Urology, Loyola University Medical Center, Maywood, IL;4. Department of Computer Science, DePaul University, Chicago, IL;1. Karakter, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, University Center, Reinier Postlaan 12, 6525 GC Nijmegen, The Netherlands;2. Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Psychiatry, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands;3. Karolinska Institutet, Department of Medical Epidemiology & Biostatistics, Nobels väg 12A, Stockholm 17177, Sweden;4. Radboud University Medical Center, Donders Institute for Brain, Cognition and Behaviour, Department of Cognitive Neuroscience, Kapittelweg 29, 6525 EN Nijmegen, The Netherlands;5. King''s College London, Medical Research Council Social, Genetic & Developmental Psychiatry Centre, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, De Crespigny Park, London SE5 8AF, United Kingdom |
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| Abstract: | The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of otitis media (OM) and the quality of child care on the social and communicative behaviors of toddlers, using a cumulative risk framework that included moderation. The study followed 72 children who began child care in infancy. Both process and structural aspects of the quality of 11 child care centers were measured and children received weekly ear examinations from the time they entered child care. At 24 months of age children were observed in their classrooms during free play when they were well. Children in the chronic OM, low quality care group exchanged more negative gestures with peers, initiated less verbally to teachers and peers and were talked to less by teachers and peers in comparison to all other children. The results suggest the importance of the moderating effect of the quality of child care in understanding the effects of OM on social/communicative development. |
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