辖区政府间竞争的制度框架:美国的经验及其启示

本文从联邦、地方和社会三个层面分析了美国辖区政府间竞争赖以运行的制度框架,宪法、法院以及联邦补贴构成联邦层面的制度框架,地方政府自主权、地方政府间合作机构以及地方政府间契约则是地方层面影响辖区政府间竞争的主要因素和机制,在社会层面则介绍了居民们多样化的需求表达方式以及直接参与治理对辖区政府间竞争的规范作用。在此基础上提出这种制度框架对中国的启示有:竞争优先的理念,理性划分中央与地方间关系,法治化框架,以及政府职能方面供应与生产的分离。

Institutional Framework of Interjurisdictional Competition: Experience of the United States and Its Implication

In the era of globalization,interjurisdictional competition grows harsh.How to regulate this competition to promote the productive effort of local governments is a crucial issue faced by many national governments.The detailed study of institutional framework in which local governments compete in the United States,is very important for interjurisdictional competition.The article studies the framework of the United States from federal,local and societal levels,and discusses its implications for China.