精英主义与多元主义--政治社会学两种基本理论模式述评

西方政治社会中有两种主要的理论模式：精英主义和多元主义。精英主义的基本观点是精英占据着社会结构中顶层的位置。精英主义有保守主义、中庸主义、激进主义三种取向。而相反，多元主义模式将权力解释成分散的，有许多中心，国家并不由单一的精英统治，而是由众多专门的、竞争性的集团统治，这两种模式观点对立。它们的结合产生了多元精英的模式。

Elitism and Pluralism:A Review of Two Basic Political Sociology Models

There are two basic models in western political sociology:elitism and pluralism.The elite perspective is that elites occupy top positions in the structure of the society.Elitism have three orientations:conservative, moderate and radical.Conversely,the pluralist model explains power as being dispersed and have many centers. State is ruled not by single elite, but by many professional and competing interest groups. The two opinions are opposite, and their combination leads plural elites.