词汇单位的动态性--汉语词汇单位的离合现象分析

对"离合词"的认识人们并不统一,其实,"离合词"是扩展法留给我们的难题,在扩展法的指挥棒下,词可离可合的形式阻碍了我们对这种现象的本质的认识.事实上,离合现象并非词独有,而是词汇单位的一种普遍现象.词汇单位的历时态为词汇单位的离合提供了可能性,在共时平面,这种可能性在语境中得以实现.语言中的词汇单位是抽象的、概括的,以各种具体形式存在于言语中,包括凝固形式和分离形式.表面形式被分离的词汇单位是语言中的词汇单位在言语中的具体表现形式之一,是一种变异形式.因此,离合词是词汇单位动态性的一种体现,而不是一种特殊的词.

Dynamic Characteristic of Lexical Units:An Analysis of the Separation of Reunion in Chinese Lexical Units

People have different understanding of the "word of separation and reunion". As a matter of fact, the "word of separation and reunion" is the difficulty left by method of extension. Under the method of extension, the word form, either separation or reunion has prevented us from understanding the essence of this phenomenon. In fact, this form is not merely for the lexical, but common in lexical units. It is possible under the diachronic tense, while at the synchronic level, this possibility is embodied in the context. The lexical units in language are abstract, existed in speech with different forms, such as solid form and separation form. The separated lexical units at surface are one of the concrete forms embodied in speech, and it is a deviation. Thus, the "word of separation and reunion" is not a special word, but a reflection of the dynamic characteristic of lexical units.