1998年英国高等教育经费体制改革——原因、对学生入学的影响及启示

英国工党政府在1999年承诺,到2010年高等教育的入学率达到50％。为了达到这个目标,必然要扩大以贫困学生、少数民族学生为主的非传统学生的入学率。这样,各个大学将面临着更加严重的经费短缺的问题。为此,工党政府于1998年采取了“谁受益,谁承担成本”的原则,对高等教育的经费制度进行了改革,取消了助学金制度,引入了学费和贷学金制度。但是,改革并没有如工党所愿,反而给非传统学生的入学设置了障碍。

The Reforms of Higher Education Financial System in 1998 of the UK:Cause,Effect for Students' Entering School and Its Inspiration

The new labor party government of the UK in 1999 has pledged to make the entrance rate of higher education amount to 50% in 2010.In order to attain this objective,the party attached most important to the non-traditional students groups who mainly refers to poor students,ethnic minority students,etc.Thus,the universities would face the more serious problem of the shortage of funds.The labor party adopted "who benefits,who pays" as the principle to reform the financial system of higher education in 1998 as follows:cancelling the grant system and introducing tuition fees and loan system.However,the results of reforms in 1998 was not as satisfactory as the labor party had expected,instead,they became impediments for the non-traditional students to enter the universities or colleges.