论教学论的基本类型

在三百多年的发展历程中,教学论形成了众多的流派与分支。就教学论演化与发展过程中先后关注的知识与发展问题来看,可以把花样繁多的教学论流派和分支归纳为两种基本类型:知识主导型教学论和发展主导型教学论。知识主导型教学论主张教学内容的选择、教学过程的调控、教学方法的运用以及教学形式和教学评价等都要以知识的传授和掌握为中心来安排。发展主导型教学论则相反,坚持教学内容、教学过程、教学方法、教学形式和教学评价等各个要素和各个环节都要以促进学生的发展为旨归。分析不同类型教学论的纵向演变和横向联系,有利于弄清教学论发展的源流,从而更好地加强我国教学论学科建设,促进教学论学科的繁荣和发展。

Basic Types of the Instructional Theory

Various schools have grown up in the three hundred years of teaching theory research. In the evolution and development of teaching theory, attention was paid to knowledge and development respectively, based on which different schools of teaching theory can mainly fall into two types: knowledge-dominated and development-dominated. The knowledge-dominated teaching theory claims that choice of teaching content, regulation of the teaching process, application of teaching methods as well as the teaching form and assessment should all be based on the teaching and learning of knowledge. On the contrary, the development-dominated teaching theory considers the aim of teaching is to promote the development of students. Analyzing the longitudinal evolution and horizontal ties of different types of teaching theory can help make clear its history of development, thus promoting the construction and development of the subject of teaching theory in our country.