高等教育社会资源重组：高等教育自学考试的制度创新

经过20余年的实践,高等教育自学考试在中国高等教育大众化进程中扮演了非常重要的角色。每年超过1000万人次的考试规模表明,自学考试是将社会教育资源重组从而形成高等教育一体化的高效的教育制度形式。考试评价引导学习进程是自学考试制度的突出特点,贯穿了个人自学、社会助学、国家考试三个主体构成的方方面面。本文阐述了自学考试评价学习导向制度的结构特征,并试图揭示该制度的动力学因素和制度的韧性。自学考试有着中国传统深厚的文化根基和广泛而迫切的社会需求背景。良好的学习经济性使得该制度成为向全体国民提供高等教育的有效手段。将学历文凭置于终极目标,可以将分散于社会的教育资源聚合起来为个人学习提供服务。自学考试教育服务在全国范围内的普遍性和经济性促成了高等教育服务的易获性,为社会和经济的发展提供了动力。本文对多种形式的自学考试助学模式进行了描述,并对该种现象的深层原因进行了探讨。

Reorganization of social higher education resource:system innovation by Self-Taught Learning Education Examination

Self-Taught Learning Education Examination(STE)system has played an important role in the course of higher education popularization in China through its decade's practice.With over 10 million annual candidates, the system has been proved to be an efficient way to re-organize pedagogic resource into a unity for tertiary edu- cation.Assessment guidance is the key feature of the system which consists of individual autonomous learning, society supporting and examinations by state.The structure of such an assessment guide flexible learning system is described in the paper,in which an attempt is made to reveal the dynamics and robustness of the system. Deeply rooted in the Chinese culture and social background,STE has been an efficient device to promote the availability of higher education to the citizens,less affected by the lack of capital.With certificate persuading as the final goal,education resource scattered in society can be integrated to facilitate individual learning.Accessi- bility to higher education brought about by the system is mainly due to such availability all over the country and affordability.Such accessibility to the higher education has the country gain a steady momentum for the develop- ment both economically and socially.Diverse variety of learning supporting model is given in the paper and the reason lying behind the phenomenon is analyzed to some extent.