转化型抢劫罪适用条件及法律认定辨析

转化型抢劫罪涉及行为的转化问题,对其认定存在一定难度。本文通过比较不同国家该罪的有关法律规定,对我国转化型抢劫罪的适用条件及法律认定问题进行分析,认为:(1)前提条件应扩展为实施盗窃、抢夺、诈骗行为;(2)客观条件中"暴力"应与抢劫罪中的暴力与胁迫行为作同样理解,"当场"应是实施盗窃、诈骗、抢夺行为的当场或以犯罪现场为中心、与犯罪分子活动有关的范围;(3)主观条件中"窝藏赃物、抗拒抓捕、毁灭罪证"的内涵应有所延伸;(4)既遂与未遂的判定应采用既主张行为又注意结果的双重标准;(5)在想象竞合或法条竞合时只有以盗窃、抢夺、诈骗罪论处方可转化为抢劫罪。

Conditions of Transformed Robbery and its Legal Recognition

It is sometimes not so easy to recognize the transformed robbery due to the transformation.This paper compares the legal regulations concerning the applicable conditions and the recognition of the crime and proposes:(1)the prerequisites should be extended to include the acts of robbery,snatch,and deception;(2)the "violence" as an objective condition should be interpreted as the violent and forcing actions in robbery,while "on site" should be the site of the stealing,deception,or snatch,or the area involved in the crime with the site as the center;(3)the connotation of the subjective condition "harboring the stolen goods,resisting arrest,destroying criminal evidence" needs expansion;(4)dual criteria should be adopted emphasizing on both the act and the consequence in distinguishing the completed crime and the criminal attempt;and(5)in case of overlap of law and imaginary concurrence of crimes only by convicting the crime as theft,snatch,and deception can it be regarded as transformed robbery.