言过其实的表现形式——以《红楼梦》为例

同为辞格,我们可以抽象出比喻的基本格式,却很难对夸张进行格式化描写。本文尝试从语义的角度,抽象出夸张的表现形式:1.直接借助数字形式表达的夸张;2.数字形式投射为概念,借助概念表达夸张的语义;3.借助句式表达夸张的语义,主要包括三种基本格式及其变式:“x得y”,“x比y更……”,“x连y还不如”。

Forms of Exaggeration

Metaphor and exaggeration are both figures.It is easy for us to summarize the forms of metaphor,while it is difficult to describe the patterns of exaggeration.This paper tries to analyse exaggeration from the point of semantic meaning.In this way,we can summarize the forms of the exaggeration:(1) To express exaggeration with the aid of numbers.(2) To express exaggeration with concepts,which are the counterparts of numbers.(3) To express exaggeration with sentence patterns,including three basic patterns and their variations:"x de y","x is more than y","x is even not equal to y".