从沈有鼎的研究看因明、墨辩和逻辑的差异

沈有鼎认为,墨辩、因明和逻辑是能够互相解释的三大文化传统。在推论的研究上,西方逻辑体现为推理式,墨辩和因明则体现为论证式。推理本身只考虑形式有效,并不强调前提必须真实可靠。论证则特别强调前提的真实可靠,这就需要进一步论证大前提本身的真实性。而不论墨辩还是因明,这种对大前提真实性的论证都只能是归纳论证。对归纳本性的认识,从而也是正确把握墨辩和因明中推理形式特殊性的关键所在。

Difference of Mohist Canons, Hetavidya and Logics Out of Shen Youding's Research

Shen Youding thinks,Mohist canons,hetavidya and logics can explain each other of the three great traditions.In the research of inference,western logics are embodied reasoning and Mohist canons and hetavidya demonstration.Reasoning itself is concerned only with the effectiveness of form but does not emphasize the reliability of premise.While demonstration focuses that the premise is authentic.This requires further demonstration of authenticity of the major premise itself.The way of Mohist canons and hetavidya demonstrate the authenticity of the major premises is only induction.To recognize the nature of induction is also the key to correctly grasp specialty of reasoning of Mohist canons and hetavidya.