近代国际法视角下的德国占领胶州湾事件

1897年11月,德国以巨野教案为借口侵占了胶州湾地区.根据国际法,德国从出兵胶州湾到以条约的形式确认它在山东特权的每一个步骤均违背了国际惯例,构成了对中国的武装侵略.在这一过程中,清政府各级官员曾依据有限的国际法知识进行过一些外交斗争,但由于他们对国际法从认识到运用都存在一些误区,加之中德双方强弱对比的悬殊和德帝国主义的骄横,以及晚清最高统治集团的软弱,最终导致了胶州湾的沦丧.这也说明在国力过于弱小,独立主权大量丧失的情况下,国际公法发挥不了应有的作用.

Viewing Germany Occupation of Jiaozhou Bay from the Angle of Modern International Law

Germany occupied Jiaozhou Bay area by force on the pretext of the Juye litigation over religious disputes in November of 1897.According to international law,Germany's occupation of Jiaozhou Bay and confirmed its privilege by treaty violated international conventions and constituted armed invasion against China.In this process,the officers of different levels in the Qing Dynasty raised diplomatic struggle by limited international laws.Jiaozhou Bay was finally lost due to the officers' misunderstanding and mi...