来华预科留学生汉语写作策略探索

鉴于来华预科留学生汉语写作水平普遍较低的现状，对留学生写作策略的使用情况进行实证性研究是很有必要的。文章通过调查发现：留学生们在写作前阶段使用最多的为识别策略；在写作时阶段使用较多的是补偿策略中的近义词替代、母语替代和简化意义策略；在修改阶段使用较多的是积极接受反馈策略；写作策略使用与新HSK四级写作成绩呈正相关，与新HSK五级写作成绩呈负相关；不当的作文修改步骤和方法能有效预测汉语写作成绩；低水平的写作者往往倾向于选择计划性差、耗时量大、对写作策略使用熟练程度要求高的具体写作策略．结果往往适得其反。

A Research on Chinese Writing Strategies of Foreign Preparatory Students in China

Because of the low writing competence of foreign preparatory students in China, it is quite necessary to explore their usages of writing strategies through empirical researches. The findings of this research show that at the prewriting stage, foreign students tend to use identification strategy mostly ; at the while-writing stage, they prefer to use compensation strate- gies, such as synonyms substitution strategy, first language replacement strategy and meaning simplification strategy; at the revising stage, they prefer to use active acceptance of feedback strategy. It is found that writing strategies are positively related to the writing scores of new HSK band-4 test, and negatively related to that of the new HSK band-5 test. The improper writing modification method and steps can effectively predict students＇ writing scores ： low level writers tend to choose poor planning, time-consuming methods, as well as high requirements＇ writing strategies, which always turns out to be ineffective.