专利引用分析方法与应用

概述专利引用分析方法和相关指标，并简单介绍引用分析工具。在此基础上结合情报研究实践，以分子设计育种领域为例，从国家、公司以及技术三个层面进行专利引用分析实证。在实证分析中，用专利引用时间间隔来揭示技术创新和技术吸收的速度；用基于自引和他引和组合分析来揭示机构的相对竞争态势；用交叉引用指数和共同引用指数来分析机构间的技术交叠程度；用专利引用树来揭示技术发展脉络。

Methods and Applications of Patent Citation Analysis

This paper reviews the methods and indicators of patent citation analysis and introduces softwares used in patent citation analysis. A case study in the area of molecular design breeding is given from the perspective of countries/regions, companies and technology. In the case study, the time lag of patents citation is used to measure the technology innovation speed and technology diffuse speed, while the self-citation and other-citation are used to describe competitive capacity of companies. Furthermore, cross-citation and co-citation indicators are used to measure the degree of superposition in technology between two companies. In addition, the citation trees are used to trace the technology development.