The educational attainment of orphans in high HIV countries in sub-Saharan Africa: An update |
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| Institution: | 1. Faculty of Engineering / Sana’a University, Sana’a, Yemen;2. College of Engineering-Unaizah / Qassim University, Saudi Arabia;3. Faculty of Information Technology / Saba University, Sana’a, Yemen;1. University of Toronto, 252 Bloor Street West, Toronto, ON, M5S 1V6, Canada;2. Universidad del Rosario, Cra. 6 A No. 12 C 13, Bogotá, Colombia;1. Future University Hakodate, Hokkaido, Japan;2. Kyorin University, Mitaka, Tokyo, Japan;3. FutureBud International Co., Ltd. 3-8-1 Ningyo-cho, Nihonbashi, Chuo-ku, Tokyo, Japan;1. Department of Computer Engineering and Technology, Guru Nanak Dev University, India;2. Department of Computer Science, Guru Nanak Dev University, India;1. Department of Economics, University of Birmingham, United Kingdom;2. Department of Economics, University of Bern, Switzerland;1. International Labour Organisation, Skills for Prosperity Programme (SfP-SEA), Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia;2. School of Social Sciences, Cardiff University, Glamorgan Building, King Edward VII Avenue, Cardiff CF10 3WT, UK |
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| Abstract: | Twenty years ago, it was widely expected that the HIV/AIDS epidemic in sub-Saharan Africa would lead to a severe deterioration in the educational outcomes among a rapidly expanding orphan population. This article reviews the extent to which this happened by analysing recent national household survey evidence from five high HIV prevalence countries, namely Lesotho, Malawi, South Africa, Uganda and Zimbabwe. The main findings are that while some orphans continue to be educationally disadvantaged in some countries, the overall sizes of already quite small enrolment and educational attainment differentials between orphans and non-orphans have not significantly increased in any of these countries. The main reasons for this are the overall decline in the orphan population (due to the mass availability of life-prolonging anti-retro viral medication), free primary education, lower levels of absolute poverty, and targeted support of various kinds for orphans by governments and NGOs. |
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| Keywords: | Orphans Education attainment High HIV prevalence countries Sub-Saharan Africa |
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