市场经济及其伦理原则—论亚当·斯密的“合宜感”

在所有的前现代社会,道德的评价都以利己心和利他心为基本标准,到了市场经济的现代社会,道德的评价却是以在利己心和利他心之间实现某种平衡的"公正心"为基础的.亚当·斯密的学说就从市场经济的内在机制出发,说明了市场经济的伦理原则就是"公正"、市场经济社会的道德基石就是"公正心"--他称之为"合宜感";亚当·斯密揭明了"公正心"的内涵和要求--学会从无直接利害关系的旁观者的立场来看待并约束利己心.

Market Economy and Its Ethical Principle On Adam Smith's sense of propriety

In all pre - modem societies, moral judgement was based on the fundamental criteria of selfishness and altruism. But in the modem society with market economy, moral judgement is based on the sense of justice which somewhat balances selfishness and altruism. The theory of Adam Smith, starting from the inner mechanism of market economy, argues that the ethical principle of market economy is justice, or what he called "sense of propriety" . Smith explains that the meaning and requirement of sense of justice is to view and restrain selfishness from the angle of the impartial spectator.