魏晋博物学兴起原因探析

我国古代博物学思想萌芽于先秦时代,经过秦汉时期的初步发展,到魏晋南北朝时期,博物学逐渐摆脱了经学的附属地位而形成为一门相对独立的学科,并出现了兴盛的局面。这有其深刻的社会原因:广大新地域的开发,特别是南方地区的开发,为魏晋博物学的发展提供了广阔的发展空间;波澜壮阔的民族迁移和融合的浪潮,使博物学家的眼界不再仅仅局限在华夏文明圈内,对其他民族的文明有了更深入的了解;频繁的对外交往,殊方异物大量涌现,使博物学内容更加丰富。

Study on the causes for the rise of natural history in the Wei and Jin Dynasties

Ancient Chinese natural history was germinated in the pre-Qin period.Through its preliminary development in the Qin-Han period,it gradually got rid of its subsidiary position to the study of Confucian classics and had its palmy days in the period of the Wei,Jin and the Northern and Southern Dynasties.The deep social causes for it are:The development of vast new areas,especially the development of the southern part provided vast development space for the development of natural history in the Wei and Jin Dynasties;The great waves of national migration and mergence made the vision of naturalists' being no longer confined to the circle of civilization of the Chinese nation and made them have deeper understanding of the civilizations of other nations;As a result of frequent foreign communications,large numbers of foreign species came into China and made the content of natural history richer.