从"莫内的欧洲"到"祖国的欧洲"--法国与欧洲一体化中的国家主权问题

第二次世界大战后的一个时期,欧洲联邦主义在法国有较大的影响,他们主张超国家一体化,最后实现“欧洲联邦”。让.莫内设计了具有超国家性质的欧洲煤钢共同体,得到实施。但他设计的欧洲防务共同体,却遭到否决。戴高乐重新上台后,强烈坚持国家主权,主张“祖国的欧洲”和“国家间有组织的合作”,力图在欧洲共同体建设问题上贯彻其主张,并与其他国家发生争论。这种争论阻滞了欧洲联合向超国家方向进一步发展,并表明在欧洲一体化中,国家主权问题的复杂性。

From Monnet's Europe To "Europe des patries"

In the years of post-world war II,the Euro-federalism had a strong influence in France,which favoured the supranational integration with gradual limiting and transferring of national sovereignty and with a European federation as the aim.In this background Jean Monnet schemed ECSC with supra national character and successfully put it into practice.But the supranational EDC,also designed by Monnet,was refused by French.After General de Gaulle resumed power in 1958 he insisted on the national sovereignty and the "Europe des patries" energetically and tried to shape a political union and the development of EEC accordingly.These led to conflicts,even crisis,among the Six and retarded the development of supranational orientation of EEC,and the complexity and sensitivity of the question of national sovereignty in European integration were reflected wherein.