侵占行为本质特征新论

侵占罪的本质特征应变为变适法占有为非法所有,而不是变合法持有为非法占有。适法行为,即凡严格意义上的违法行为以外之行为,其范围排除了非法占有,外延又大于合法占有;合法行为,指不违反法律且完全符合法律的行为,对于侵占行为中“代为保管”中的两种事实行为“不当得利”、“无因管理”的界定,只有用适法行为才可以合理地涵盖之;持有,仅指对物的一种事实上的支配状态,不以占有意思为要件,由其来界定侵占行为将会扩大该罪的适用范围;通说认为“非法占有”的意思即为“非法所有”,而占有和所有在民法理论中的解释是有区别的。因此,为避免学理解释的麻烦,建议直接使用“非法占有”。

A New Study of the Essen tial Features of the Disseizin Be havior

The essential feature of the crime of disseizin is illegal possession. The behavior beyond the illegal behavior in the strict meaning of it, excludes the illegal possession, but its expansion is broader than legal possession. The legal possession refers to the behavior which does not violate the law and meet the legal requirement. It is the status of controlling a thing, not possessing one. In order to avoid the misunderstanding, the author suggests to use the term "possess illegally"rather than any other terms.