庄子的平等思想对女性学走出现代困境的意义

现代的女性学把男女关系理解为相互对立和竞争的关系,试图通过竞争达到跟男性完全平等的地位,如在诸多稀少资源的分配中获得平等的机遇和利益。这样,女性的社会地位虽然得到了提高,但女性的生活也出现了许多新问题,说明女性学在现代并未构建出男女关系的理想模式,而是陷入到了一种困境之中。而庄子的平等思想为女性学的发展提供了出路。根据庄子的思想体系,男女本来就是平等和有机统一的,男女之间可以通过交互作用和协调达到理想状态。从统一体世界观的角度看,人与宇宙万物是有机统一的,而且任何一个事物都不能脱离对立面而存在,因而在男女的相互关系中,男性的存在是女性存在的根据,而女性的存在也是男性存在的根据。万物的生生不息根源于阴阳的相互交融,而人类的繁荣则根源于男女的感应和相爱。庄子的平等理论为新的男女平等观提供了思想基础,为更人性化的女性学体系的建立提供了新的视点。

The Implication of the Chuangtzu's Thoughts on Feminism

The purpose of this paper is to inquire the alternative perspective in the Chuangtzu's thoughts to overcome the theoretical crisis in the area of modern feminism. Modern feminism has its theoretical limitations as follows. First, it recognizes mem and women as a separated category. Therefore, it understands the relationship between men and women as the relations of conflict and competition. Second, the ideal type of relationship between men and women is equal relations. But it meets a new kinds of women's problems in the process of the pursuit of equality. Third, it can not show the ideal type of relationship between men and women in future. Therefore, if feminism really pursue the human liberation, it should look for a new alternative perspective. This paper inquires a new alternative perspective in the Chuangtzu's perspective on the equality. Chuangtzu's perspective on the equality can be a new alternative for the meaning of humanization of feminism. In terms of Chuangtzu's perspective, humanization of women only can be realized by realization of the real self which stays in herself. Third, Chuangtzu's perspective on the equality shows a new model of the ideal relationship between men and women. Because Chuangtzu's perspective on the equality is based on the Yin and Yang theory, the ideal type of relationship between men and women is the harmony of them. Therefore, it can be a new model of the relationship between men and women.