德国经典成长小说与美国成长小说之比较

从小说主题，主人公性格特征、人生遭际、行为方式和文本的结构等方面，辨析德国经典成长小说和美国成长小说之间的联系和差异；从社会、文化、存在主义哲学和精神分析学等视角分析成长小说变异和发展的成因。自主和社会化的矛盾构成了人的自由的宿命；思与行的脱节、洞见的消失和混沌、委琐感的弥漫，构成了成长小说的当下魅力。成长小说仍在成长中，它不会衰亡。

A comparative study of German classical Bildungsroman and its American counterpart

The paper explores the relationships between German classical Bildungsroman and its American counterpart and closely differentiates one from the other from the themes of the genre, the personalities of the protagonists, their lot in life, their behaviors, and the textual structure, and analyses the reasons for the evolution of the genre from social, cultural, existential and psycho-analytical perspectives. It is argued that the contradiction between autonomy and socialization predestinates the results of human freedom, and that the disconnectedness of reflection and action and the alternation of insight with a sense of confusion and inconsequentiality in modern Bildungsroman appeal to the contemporary readers. It is predicted that Bildungsroman as a genre is still evolving, and will never come to its end.