Psychological bases of programmed instruction

This paper puts forward an argument for using a cybernetic approach to programmed instruction in order to make the control of the teaching process more efficient. It argues the need for a micro-approach to program construction which takes into account not only the correctness of response but also the psychological activity of the learner.The author presents a summary of Prof. P. Galperin's theory of stage by stage formation of mental actions as well as presenting a method for putting the theory into practice in the construction of teaching programs.Finally, there is a presentation of the methodology and results of various teaching programs in which control over the cognitive activity of the learner was carried out.This article is based on Professor Talyzina's work up to 1971. Ed.