试论备课

备课是教师依据教学内容和授课过程的客观需要,形成教学能力的过程,它对于保证教学质量和教学效果非常重要.备课分战略性备课和战术性备课,二者是整体与部分、一般与个别的关系.战术性备课,即单元备课应包括以下几个基本阶段.第一是熟悉教学大纲和教材,掌握基本的教学内容框架;第二是平时多读书,多收集资料,进行知识储备;第三是研究、学习和掌握教学方法;最后是编写教案,写好讲义.备课还应遵循几个基本原则,即教学目的的决定性;教材内容的规定性;教学对象的可接受性;教学方法的适应性和教学活动的教育性.

Discussion on Lessens Preparation

Preparing lessens is the process of teachers forming teaching competency according to the objective needs of teaching contents and requirements. Preparing lessons well is the precondition of teaching well. As for preparing a certain unit, that is preparing lessons tactically. Firstly, we should get familiar with the teaching outline and the teaching materials, and grasp the basic content and its structure. Secondly, read lots of books to get information and pile up our knowledge. Thirdly, study and master the teaching method. Finally, write the teaching plan. The relationship between preparing lessons strategically and tactically is that between whole and part, common and single. At the same time, we must obey several basic principles, including the decisive character of educational aims, the prescribing character of teaching materials, the acceptable character of trainees the adaptability of teaching methods, and the educational character of teaching activities.