论20世纪四五十年代美国生活适应运动

生活适应运动是第二次世界大战之后在美国出现的旨在中等教育领域进一步实践进步主义教育理念的教育改革运动，其中课程改革是其核心环节——“伊利诺伊中等学校课程计划”与巴特克里中学的“基本生活”计划是其最为著名的两项改革措施。它强调“社会效率”，强调“中等教育要满足青少适应生活之需求”，是进步主义运动中“效率中心”在第二次世界大战之后的重要表现；最终实现了美国中学的大众化，完成了中学运动；是美国教育史上“知识民主化”的一次重要尝试。

Life-Adjustment Education in the United States in the 20th Century

Life-adjustment education was an educational reform movement to further implement Pro gressivism in secondary education in the United States after the Second World War. Curriculum reform was the core procedure of the movement. The Illinois Secondary School Curriculum Program and the Basic Living Program at Battle Creek High School were the two most famous curricula reforms. It focused on ＂social efficiency＂ and emphasized that ＂secondary education should fit all the youth＇s life-adjustment needs＂. It represented the ＂efficiency-centered＂ orientation in Progressivism after the Second World War. The movement finally led to the popularization of secondary schools in the USA and the completion of the secondary school movement. It was an important attempt to ＂democratize knowledge＂ in American history of education.