嫩江的称谓、流域范围及其辽金古城研究综述

嫩江古称“弱水”、“那河”、“捺河”、“难河”、“讷兀河”、“脑温江”、“恼温必拉”等。嫩江是我国东北地区一条十分重要的河流，它既属于黑龙江流域的水系，也是松花江水系中的最大支流。嫩江发源于大、小兴安岭夹角山地。由北向南流并与北流的松花江干流、东流的洮儿河在今吉林省的大安市与黑龙江省的肇源县fr舍，形成了松嫩平原上的三江平原区。这一地区曾经是辽金两朝经营管理大、小兴安岭及其外兴安岭地域，也是各少数民族的重要军事防御区和设防区。从嫩江流域的角度观察，辽金时期在这一区域设置了星罗棋布的军镇、城堡、路、府、州、县等建制。近年来，在嫩江流域共发现了一百余座辽、金时期的古城遗迹。梳理和综述这些已经知晓的辽、金城池及其研究成果。对于重新认识嫩江流域的筑城布局、民族分布、行政建制、历史地理、交通驿站，以及这一地区辽金时期城镇化的形成与发展有重要的学术价值和现实意义。

The Nen River:Name,Basin Perimeter and Research on Ancient Liao-Jin City

The Nen River, called ＂Ruo waters＂, ＂Na River＂, ＂Nan River＂, ＂Newu River＂ ,＂Naowenbila River＂ etc. in history, is a very important rive in Northeast China, as a branch of Songhua River in Heilongjiang river system. It runs down from the cross land of the big and small Xing＇ anling mountains goes from north to south and joins the northward branch of Songhua River and the eastward Taoer River in the neighborhood of Da＇ an city of Jilin province and Zhaoyuan of Heilongjiang province, where develops the three-river drainage. This is the place where government, administrative and military, was set up in Liao and Jin periods ruling the big and small,as well the outside,Xing＇ anling region. There were many military castles, and towns of various size and rank. Recently, more than one hundreds relics of ancient cities have been found. The comprehensive summarization of the existing research works is of great academic and realistic significance for a better knowledge of the city patterns, ethnic groups, administrative institutions, history and geography.