批判性思维与新冠疫情报道的伦理问题

在新冠疫情期间虚假新闻数量惊人,而虚假新闻会使疾病的爆发更加迅猛,报道伦理问题也更加突显。如何应对这些伦理问题?本文认为这些伦理问题与批判性思维的缺失相关。批判性思维强调在不断的质疑、辨析、推断、反思中寻求真相,它与新闻真实性、客观性、公正性等专业性要求是相契合的。本文通过对2020年第一季度新冠疫情期间新闻传播实践的田野观察,从批判性思维的视角对信息传播中的失实、失善的伦理现象进行分析,讨论批判性思维的缺失对于疫情期间新闻报道的影响,并探讨如何运用批判性思维能力提升新闻传播专业性、建立人们对虚假有害信息群体免疫的问题。

Critical Thinking and Media Ethics During the COVID-19 Coronavirus Epidemic in China

Studies have found that fake news and misinformation during epidemics of infectious disease could make those outb reaks more severe, however fake news during the COVID-19 Coronavirus Epidemic is alarming and media ethical issues are h ighlighted. This article believes that the troubles of media ethics are related to the lack of critical thinking. Critical thinking sho uld be used in news production and dissemination against fake news and misinformation. Critical thinking emphasizes seeking t ruth in continuous questioning, analysis, inference, and reflection. It is consistent with professional requirements such as news a uthenticity, objectivity, and fairness. It analyzes the phenomenon of misrepresentation and badness in journalism and informatio n on social media from the perspective of critical thinking, and discusses the influence of lack of critical thinking during the epi demic, based on an observational study of news practices during the epidemic in the first quarter of 2020. The article discusses how to use critical thinking skills to improve the professionalism of news production and establish herd immunity against fak e news and harmful information as well.