农村中小学教师心理压力的社会学探析

对福建省宁德市农村中小学5120名教师心理压力情况的调查表明:教师是一个高压力的职业群体。农村中小学教师承受着升学、工作、经济生活、竞争、社会等方面的压力,从社会学的角度探析农村中小学教师扮演普通社会成员、学校成员、学生社会文化传承者和自身社会化承受者四种不同角色所承担的义务与享有的权利、分析其心理压力产生机制,通过建立合理的评价体系、减轻负担和提高待遇的方式、建立社会环境的支持系统、农村教师自身的努力等方面的措施来缓解农村中小教师心理压力。

Sociological Analysis on Psychological Pressure of Rural Primary and Middle School Teachers

The survey,based on the psychological pressure situation of 5,120 rural primary and middle school teacher of Ningde,shows that the teacher group is a high-pressured vocational community.This article makes a brief introduction of the psychological pressure of rural primary and middle school teachers which results from enrollent rate,economic life,competition and society.From the scope of sociology,we can draw a conclusion that rural primary and middle school teachers play four roles: common citizen,school faculty,deliverer of social culture and civilization inheritor.From the above analysis,it is not difficult to find out the real causes of their psychological pressure.Therefore,it is necessary to set up reasonal assessment system,reduce the burden and raise the pay and condition for rural primary and middle school teachers,build up favorable support system from social environment and also necessary for them to make an effort.Only in this way,can their psychological be alleviated.