中国考试思想发展:特点、规律及启示

在中国考试思想发展过程中,考试始终为历代思想家、政治家、教育家等所重视,所涉及的考试问题具有延续性和时代性的特点及超前性和滞后性并存的特点。从标准上看,“德才兼备”作为选拔人才的标准,是经过长期的反复实践和理论探讨逐步达成的一个共识;从考试的内容上看,注意与现实问题相联系,并在形式上不断变化;从公平的角度看,考试公平逐渐趋向于区域公平;反舞弊是中国考试思想史上最为艰巨的任务。

Examination Ideology in China: Characteristics, Regularity and Enlightenment

In the long educational history of China, the issue of examination has consistently been emphasized by thinkers and statesmen, and the issue of examination is characterized by the coexistence of its traditional continuity and times advancement. Viewing from the examination standard, "excellency in both virtue and ability" is a long-established common standard of educational examination. In terms of examination content, emphasis has been laid upon the linkage with current issues and upon the innovative forms. Equality of examination has been changed toward territory equity and it is still the most difficult task to forbid cheating in examinations.