哲学基本问题的历史考察

哲学基本问题贯穿于整个哲学史。从古到今，思维与存在的关系问题始终是各个哲学派别不能回避的问题，所以是哲学的基本问题。物质与意识的关系问题则不然，它只是在近代才由法国唯物主义明确提出的。费尔巴哈发展了法国唯物主义的思想，但由于以物质与意识的关系问题代替了思维与存在的关系问题，费尔巴哈抛弃了德国古典哲学中的辩证法传统。马克思主义哲学正是通过实践观点重新确立了思维与存在关系问题的地位，才把唯物主义与辩证法结合起来。

Historical Investigation into Basic Problems of Philosophy

Basic problems of philosophy run through entire history of philosophy.At all times,the relation between thinking and being is an unavoidable problem for different schools of philosophy,hence it is a basic problem of philosophy.The relation between material and consciousness is not so.It was explicitly advanced by French materialists only at modern times.Feuerbach,L.A.had developed the thought of French materialists,but he had discarded the tradition of dialects in German classical philosophy owing to the substitution of relation between thinking and being by relation between material and consciousness.Only by the viewpoint of practice can Maxist philosophy reestablish the position of relation between thinking and being, and thus matreialism can be integrated with dialectis.