学科承认的方式及其价值

对学科而言,承认有三种基本形式,即爱的承认、权利的承认和重视的承认。爱的承认是学科共同体内部对于学科的忠诚,这种承认是本学科从业者对于学科的一种情感承认;权利的承认是在科学共同体内各学科间对于学科地位的相互尊重,这种承认是科学家或学者阶层间对于彼此志业的理性承认;重视是学科共同体外部对于学科的社会承认,这种承认是学科之外的社会领域对于学科声望与学术贡献价值承认。上述三种不同承认方式中,学科同行的认同与忠诚是学科获得承认的基础,其他学科共同体的尊重是一门学科获得学科荣誉和提升学科声望的前提条件。

Vaules and Recognition Schemes of the Discipline

Loyalty,respect and admiration mainly constitute the three schemes of disciplinary recognition.Approved by a disciplinary community,the mode of loyalty is an affective recognition by scholars from the same discipline,reflecting their agreement on their discipline.The scheme of respect is a kind of recognition mode by which scholars from the science community acknowledge each other’s discipline.It is also a rational acknowledgement of the scientists or scholars for their academic careers.Then,the scheme of admiration is an acknowledgement from exterior(outside the discipline community) for the discipline itself.Admiration shows the affirmation of reputation and academic contribution of a specific disciplinary from outside areas.Among the above three schemes,recognition from colleagues and loyalty to the discipline are the foundation for a discipline while recognition among different discipline communities provides a prerequisite for the enhancement of a discipline’s reputation as well as its development.