高考改革的目标模式与推进策略

高校招生和人的发展的现实需要与现行高考"大一统"之间存在的巨大反差,是当前高考存在的最大的矛盾。解决这一矛盾的高考改革的目标模式为建立统一的综合测试平台,按高校专业大类设定科目组合,统一测试与自主测试相结合选拔特殊人才,高职院校招生采用灵活多样的考试方式,加强艺术类、体育类专业测试,确立综合评价的原则,形成多元录取机制。此目标模式可以优化人才选拔功能,使高校拥有更多的招生自主权;提高高考与普通高中新课程的吻合度,对实施素质教育发挥良好的导向作用;提供高考的个性选择空间,为学生个性化发展创造条件;理顺共性考查与个性考查的关系,兼顾统一性与多样性。高考改革目标模式的推进策略为继续推进高水平大学自主招生试点,逐步扩大自主招生的范围和规模;把高职院校考试招生改革作为大步推进高考改革的突破口;加强普通本科院校分类考试招生的研究和探索;逐步增加招生考试通道,推进"综合测试平台"建设;明确改革方向,形成高考改革的合力。

The Target Pattern and Promoting Strategies of College Entrance Examination Reform

The practical needs of college enrollment and human development cannot be integrated by the current unified college entrance examination mode,which has become the most striking discrepancy within the present college entrance examination system.With regard to the pattern,we should establish a unified and comprehensive testing platform,fix the testing subject combinations in accordance with the macro major classifications in colleges and select students based on both unified and autonomous examination results.Meanwhile,higher vocational colleges may adopt flexible testing methods to enroll students,and the art and sports colleges need to lay stress on special aptitude.Moreover,the comprehensive assessment can be set as a principle and a multi-variant enrolling system should be established.This target pattern may optimize the selecting functions of examinations and the colleges can accordingly be more autonomous in enrollment,which can also help the college entrance examination gear the new courses of high school so as to play a better orientation role in quality education.Furthermore,students can get more space to develop their individual potentials and characteristics.The relationship between the general testing and the special one can be smoothed so that both unitarity and diversity can be achieved.Some promoting strategies should be developed for the target pattern of college entrance examination reform.Firstly,we need to boost the experimental program of autonomous enrollment in high-level colleges gradually,and the scope and scale of autonomous enrollment should be expanded.Secondly,higher vocational college enrollment reform can be taken as a breakthrough of the whole reform.Thirdly,we should enhance the investigations on multiple examinations in ordinary undergraduate colleges.Fourthly,more enrollment channels should be added to promote the construction of comprehensive testing platform.Fifthly,we should be quite clear about the reform direction,towards which every one involved should make their own efforts.