关于动词不定式问题

动词不定式在英语语法中是一个非常重要的概念.然而对于语言类型不同、语法结构迥异的蒙古语提出动词不定式是一个值得讨论的问题.蒙古语-qu动词与不定式动词有一定的共同特征,即它们“兼具动词与静词特征”这种双重性,但不能因为英语(等)的不定式动词一般都可以用-qu动词来翻译,就可以得出后者亦即“不定式”这样的结论.从蒙古语-qu动词与英语不定式的“非限定性’意义、句法功能等方面的比较看,“蒙古语有动词不定式”的见解不符合蒙古语的实际.

The Problem Concerning the So-Called Infinitive in Mongolian

Infinitive is a very important concept in English grammar.However, it is a really discussible question that there is infinitive in Mongolian language that belongs to very different language types and with quite different grammatical structure. It is true that the qu verb in Mongolian has the common feature with infinitive verbs. However, the common characteristic between them is that they both "have the double features of verbs and nominal", it does not necessarily mean that since the infinitive in English language etc. can generally be translated with the qu verb in Mongolian we get the conclusion that the latter is "infinitive". Viewing from the comparisons between the "unrestricted" meaning and syntactic functions of English infinitive and qu verb in Mongolian, the opinion that Mongolian language has infinitive does not accord with the fact.