中国资源型城市经济收敛的结构分解

资源型城市与其他类型城市间的经济差距是中国区域间发展不平衡的一个重要方面,也是“十三五”时期“努力缩小区域发展差距”目标需要攻坚的一个重要方面。本文从经济收敛的角度对1999-2013年间69个资源型城市与135个其他城市的经济差距进行了考察,发现资源型城市收敛更快,二者差距正在缩小。进一步地,对资源型城市经济收敛的结构分解表明,资源型城市间存在显著的结构性差异,主要表现为：①西部资源型城市和衰退型资源城市整体经济的收敛速度更快;②成长型资源城市除二产外,其他产业未收敛;③成熟型资源城市的二产收敛速度较低;④不含东北三省数据,东部资源型城市经济收敛速度依然最高;⑤近年来,一些资源型城市的经济收敛趋势有所放缓。最后,本文指出,当前国家正在进行供给侧结构性改革,发达地区在突破瓶颈后,将开辟出新的增长路径。这种情况下,资源型城市必须跟上转型浪潮,以防止艰难缩小的经济差距再次拉大。

Structural decomposition of economic convergence in China's resources based cities

The economic gap between resource-based cities and other cities is an important aspect of the imbalance in regional development and will be tackled in China's 13th Five-Year Plan. Through analysis of economic convergence,we investigated the economic gap between 69 resource-based cities and 135 other cities from 1999 to 2013. We found that resource-based cities converge faster and that the gap is narrower. Structural decomposition analysis of the economic convergence in resource-based cities shows that resource type cities have significant structural differences. For example,a faster overall economic convergence rate is found in western China and declining resource-based cities. There is no economic convergence for other industries in the growing resource-based cities except for the secondary industry. A lower convergence rate was found for secondary industry in mature resource-based cities. Economic convergence in eastern resource-based cities （excluding the three provinces in the northeast）is still the highest. In recent years,the convergence trend has slowed down in some resource-based cities. China is implementing reform of the supply side at present and developed areas will open new growth pathways after breaking this bottleneck. In this case,resource-based cities must keep up with the wave of transformation in order to prevent a widened economic gap.