论规范自然主义的方法论

方法论构成了规范自然主义中最重要的一环。该理论认为,方法论规则应被看作是假言命令式,方法论规则与它要实现的认知目标之间的关系可以得到历史的考察,以此为基础我们就能对方法论做出取舍。因此,方法论是一项经验性的事业,有合理的评价模式,但史料分析可以否证这种自然主义方法论。对方法论规则的多样化和普遍性程度的研究,揭示了方法论评价的概念维度,而这正是规范自然主义的方法论没考虑到的。

On Normative Naturalism''''s Methodology

The most important component of normative naturalism is its methodology.Laudan suggests that methodological rules be constructed as hypothetical imperatives and the choice between rival methods be determined by historical facts.Therefore methodology is an empirical enterprise which has its rational modes of evaluation.However,the analysis on facts from the history of science may be used to refute Laudan's naturalist methodology.Approach to the variety and universality of methodological rules reveal the conceptual dimension of methodological appraisal,which has been neglected by normative naturalist methodology.