Physiology of high-altitude acclimatization |
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Authors: | Sonam Chawla Shweta Saxena |
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Institution: | 1. Experimental Biology Division Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences Defence Research and Development Organisation, Ministry of Defence, Lucknow Road, Timarpur Delhi, 110054, India
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Abstract: | Travel to high altitude exposes the human body to a variety of stresses, the most prominent being reduced available oxygen with increase in altitude due to reduced partial pressure of oxygen. Several physiological responses are initiated in the human body to promote faster acclimatization to these adverse environmental conditions. These physiological and molecular readjustments encompassing acclimatization, namely, hypoxic ventilatory response, diuresis, increased cardiac output, improved oxygen carrying capacity and cerebral blood flow, Hypoxia inducible factor 1 stabilization, etc., converge to a single outcome, ensuring optimal bioavailability of oxygen. In this article, we describe the basic acclimatization framework mentioned above. |
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