文明对话:希腊化时期西亚北非历史的个案

广义的希腊化国家包括罗马帝国、帕提亚帝国和帕加马等。希腊化时期西亚北非的文明对话的特点:第一,处于边缘地位的周边落后民族迅速崛起,建立了横跨欧亚非三大洲的大帝国,原有的先进文明日渐衰落。第二,文化交往从以往的单向性发展为双向性。第三,文化交融是军事征服的后果。第四,文明中心迁移至欧亚大陆交界处和两河流域的新兴大城市或首都。第五,文化交往的趋势是融合型的文化取代纯粹的东方文化和希腊文化。第六,希腊化遭遇了中东部分人民的顽强反抗。第七,希腊化促进了东西方宗教的融合及世界宗教和中东文明圈的形成。

Civilization Dialogue:the Case study ofHellenic History of the West Asia and the North Africa

The Hellenic countries in a broad sense include the Roman Empire,the Parthian Empire and Pergamos,etc.The features of civilization dialogue in the Hellenic period of the West Asia and the North Africa are as the follows: firstly,the remote and backward ethnic groups rose rapidly and established great empires stretching all over Asia,Europe and Africa while the formerly advanced civilization went downhill;secondly,cultural fusion was the result of military conquest;thirdly,cultural exchange went through one-way exchange to two-way exchange;fourthly,the civilization centers moved to new metropolises in the bordering areas between Asia and Europe or Mesopotamia;fifthly,the tendency of cultural exchange led to the replacement in the pure Eastern and Greek cultures by the mixed culture;sixthly,Hellenism met strong opposition from some people in the Middle East;seventhly,Hellenism promoted the fusion of the Western and Eastern religions and the formation of world religions and the Civilization Circle of the Middle East.