孙樵与晚唐古文的发展困境

由于内外部因素的制约,尤其是科举制度对骈文的依赖和支持,唐代古文运动在韩柳之后迅速跌入低谷。孙樵在古文衰落的时代大力提倡古文。在理论方面,针对晚唐破碎细巧的文风,孙樵系统地提出了从审美理想到创作方法的文论主张,特别强调史与文的关系,认为史是文的最高境界。在创作方面,孙樵的古文关注社会现实,兼具奇崛与平易两种风格。尽管孙樵多方努力,但是他并没有成功地从自己的时代突围。孙樵是古文运动中奇崛一派的最后一位代表,他结束了古文向奇崛风格的发展,为后来者暗示了新的方向。

Sun Qiao and the Difficult Position of the Ancient Prose in the Late Tang Dynasty

Due to the internal and external factors,especially the imperial examination system’s support for parallel prose,the ancient prose movement of the Tang Dynasty after Han Liu quickly fell into a trough.Sun Qiao advocated the ancient prose in the age of its declining.In the aspect of theory,aiming at the broken and delicate style,Sun Qiao put forward a systematic literature theory from the aesthetic ideal to creation method,with particular emphasis on history and literary relations,he thought the history is literatue’s highest state.In the aspect of creation,Sun Qiao’s writing payed attention to the social reality,with both unusual and plain styles.Historian consciousness,critical spirit and strong mentality constituted the deep psychological foundation of Sun Qiao’s ancient prose activity.Despite Sun Qiao’s efforts,he did not succeed in breaking out of his encirclement.Sun Qiao was the last representative of the unusual faction of the ancient prose movement,he ended up the ancient prose movement’s development to the unusual style,and suggested a new direction.