近代中国公司注册制度探源

在清政府颁布《公司律》和《奏定公司注册试办章程十八条》之前,中国土地上存在外商在华企业、民间经营的各类企业以及官方举办的各种生产单位。这些经济组织的设立都有一个合法性问题。外商在华企业或在本国注册,或在港英政府当局注册,或者干脆依仗侵略特权长期非法存在。民间企业大都在政府的管理下取得合法性,但政府实际上是通过行会进行管理的。机器工业产生后,无论是官办工业还是民间举办的机器工业企业,均以取得政府特许权的方式获得设立的合法性。这些企业设立的方式对于后来的公司注册制度的建立均产生了重要影响。

Origin of Registration System of Early Modern Chinese Companies

Foreign enterprises,privately run enterprises,and various official production units have already existed in China before the Qing government who promulgated the Company Laws and the 18 Rules of Company Registration Draft.However,all of these economic organizations have a problem of legitimateness.Foreign enterprises in China register either in their own countries,or in the British Government in Hong Kong,or simply by illegal invasion privilege.Most private enterprises acquire their legitimacy under the gove...