基于酝酿现象的无意识思维心理加工机制

酝酿是问题解决中的一种心理现象。研究酝酿的心理机制和酝酿效应的影响因素有助于人们有效利用该策略来解决复杂问题。目前对酝酿效应机制的解释主要有三种：一是对错误线索的遗忘,二是思维定势的改变,三是无意识心理加工。近年来越来越多研究者倾向于第三种解释。无意识心理加工理论模型认为酝酿中信息加工主要包括意向符号的形成、相互作用以及转换为稳定意识信息三个阶段;基于实验的无意识思维理论认为当人们的意识思维从当前任务离开时,无意识思维对问题的解决起到了关键性作用。

The Mental Mechanism of Unconscious Decision Making Based on the Phenomenon of Incubation

Incubation is a funny psychological phenomenon in problem solving.Investigating the psychological mechanism of incubation and the influencing factor can help people deal with complex problems more efficiently.There are three theoretical explanations for the incubation effect： forgetting the wrong clues,altering the thinking patterns,and the unconscious processing.In recent years more and more researchers prefer the third explanation.The unconscious processing theory advocats that the information processing in incubation includs three stages： the forming,interaction and conversion of the image symbol.The unconscious thought theory based on the experiments advocats that unconscious mind plays a key role in solving the problems when conscious thought is distracted from the current task.