中世纪英国的军事强买权

中世纪英国的军事强买权是由王室采买权延伸而来的。军事采买活动对社会经济的发展以及农民的生产和生活造成极大危害,采买官贪污受贿,成为中世纪英国宪政斗争的内容之一。14世纪中期以后,国王依靠商人供应军队后勤,军事采买活动趋于消失;王室采买权也历经变化,英国资产阶级革命时期被废除,作为它的衍生物的军事强买权也随之成为一个历史名词。

Military Purveyance in Medieval England

Medieval English kings enjoyed the preempt right,by which kings could indefinitely buy necessities for royal household at a lower price than market.But the kings extended the preempt right to buying provisions for the castle garrisons.At the turn of thirteenth century and fourteenth century,the kings enlarged preempt right to buy logistics for their big armies.Preempt right was changed into military purveyance.Military purveyance did great harm to social economy as well as peasants' produce and life.Purveyance officials corrupted and took bribes.Military purveyance became one of the focuses of the constitutional struggle.After the middle of fourteenth century,the kings bought logistics through merchants,and gradually the military purveyance disappeared.The royal preempt also evolved and was abolished in the Revolution.