明清徽州节烈妇女类型及贞节行为方式

明清徽州妇女节烈现象突出。节烈妇女是指因满足一定条件而受到朝廷或地方官府旌表的女性，有节妇、贞女、烈妇、列女之分，节妇守节、贞女守贞行为方式亦不同。许多贞节妇女在孤寡无依的情境下，承担起家庭义务，为家庭、为徽州商业的壮大，乃至为徽州社会的发展做出了贡献。

Huizhou Chaste and Martyr Women Types and Their Chaste Behaviors in the Ming and Qing Dynasties

The phenomenon of Huizhou chaste and martyr women is prominent in Ming and Qing Dynasties. The chaste and martyr women refers to women meeting certain needs and are commended by the court or the local government. It has the division of the chaste widow, the chaste virgin, the martyr widow and the martyr virgin. The behaviors of the chaste widow and chaste virgin are different. Many chaste women, without any help from outside, took the responsibility of their family and made contribution to the growth of Huizhou commerce and society.