我国古史传说时代研究应注意的几个问题

当前古史传说时代研究应注意厘清以下几个方面问题:一是在大量考古学资料与古文献资料未找到很好切入点之前,不易通过划分不同文化集团去归纳传说中的历史人物,而应该根据古史传说时期存在问题去做些具体的探讨,在条件成熟的情况下再去归纳各种文化集团。二是中国古史传说时代的传说与希腊及希伯来古神话是有根本区别的,把中国远古古史传说时代的人物事迹当作神话来看待是不对的。三是古史传说时代的官职制度、宗庙旗杆制度、原始社会组织形态、姓氏婚姻继嗣制度等有由口口相传到了西周时代而书之于简帛的情况,这些是与西周到战国秦汉时期完全不同的制度系统,是后人无法编造想象的,大体可信,应得到重视。

Some Issues to Be Noted in the Study of Ancient Chinese Legend

Now,some issues in ancient Chinese legend research should be specifically clarified:(1)When there is not a good starting point in a great deal of archaeological data and ancient documents,it is not advisable to summarize the legendary historical figures by dividing different cultural groups.Some specific discussions should be made according to the problems existing in the ancient legend period,and then various cultural groups could be summarized when conditions permit.(2)There is a fundamental difference between ancient Chinese legends and ancient Greek and Hebrew myths.It is wrong to treat the stories of ancient Chinese history as myths.(3)The ancient legend official system,temple pole system,the original social organization form,surname and marriage system in the ancient Chinese legend period has transformed to the written words on bamboo slips and silk in the West Zhou Dynasty from original word-of-mouth form.These systems are totally different from those between the West Zhou Dynasty,the Warring States Period,and the Qin and Han Dynasties,which cannot be made up and should be taken seriously.