运动员赛中行为操作程序的培养与建立

在紧张激烈的竞赛中,运动员难免会由消极情绪引起心理和生理上的剧烈变化,影响运动成绩的正常发挥,尤其象自我发挥的项目,在完成这些项目的过程中有一定的时间间隔,易于出现消极思维和外界环境的干扰。为了让运动员避免出现消极思维,本文试图说明行为操作程序的作用和如何建立赛前、赛中和赛后的相应程序,文章前一部分主要说明了行为程序有利于:控制注意分配、更快进入状态、自动化地完成动作;第二部分说明了如何根据个体差异和项目特点建立赛前、赛中和赛后的行为程序,以期对人们有利帮助。

THE DEVELOPMENT AND ORGANIZATION OF PERFORMANCE PROCEDURES IN SPORT

In intensive sport competitions the passive mood of athletes will lead to so dramatic psychological and physiological changes that normal performances can be disturbed. Especially in those events needing independent performances, athletes are liable to passive mood and sensible to outside disturbances. One strategy to avoid the influences of unnecessary information is to set up performance routines which are of three function, such as attention control, warm-up decrement and automatic functioning. This paper wants to illustrate how to develop and organize the different performance routines before, during and after a competition in the light of different athletes and events.