中华猕猴桃两变种的比较形态研究

                                                                 摘    要     通过对中华猕猴桃(Actinidia chinensis planch．var．chinensis)和硬毛猕猴 桃(A．chinensis Planch．var．hispida C．F．Liang)的枝、果、叶、花粉等的比较 观察，发现它们在冬芽形状、花粉大小、果型及毛被情况等方面均有明显不同。 中华猕猴桃冬芽外露，呈马蹄状，为具毛的黄褐色鳞片所包裹；果多近圆形，枝及 果上具灰白色茸毛；花粉扁球形—近球形，17．5x 20微米，表面光滑。硬毛猕猴 桃冬芽为丘形，不外露，完全包裹于皮部之下；果多为长柱形，枝及果上具褐色长 硬毛；花粉扁球形—近球形，22．5x 25微米，表面具极模糊的细网状纹饰。     在雌株茎段的组织培养中，它们对培养基的反应也有显著差异，中华猕猴桃 茎段诱导产生愈伤组织的能力弱，再分化产生小苗的频率低(45.4%)，硬毛猕猴 桃的茎段，产生愈伤组织的能力强，再分化产生小苗的频率高(81．3%)。     鉴于它们在形态及组织培养中的这些不同，建议将硬毛猕猴桃由变种提升为种。

A comparative morphological observations of Actinidia chinensis Planch. var. chinensis and A. chinensis Planch. var. hispida C. F. Liang

 A comparative observations of the morphology on the stem, winter bud, fruit, pollen grains of A. chinensis Planch. var. chinensis and A. chinensis Planch. var. hispida C. F. Liang have been made and the obvious differences in these aspects are obvious.  In stem tissue culture, the frequency of calli induced and plantlets produced of A. chi- nensis Planch. var. hispida is also higher than that of A. chinensis Planch. chinensis.      For this reason we suggest to raise A. chinensis Planch. var.  hispida as a newspecies.