科研项目遴选制度的缺陷：证据及其解释

 虽然科研项目遴选制度在科研资助过程中的作用十分显著。但是，科研项目遴选制度并非完美无缺的。案例研究表明，科研项目遴选制度存在三大缺陷，即同行评议的一致性程度不高，遴选结果具有一定的随机性，以及人情关系可能影响评议意见。这是因为，科研资源与科研成果的所有权并不属于评议专家，评议者与被评者之间存在信息不对称，科研项目遴选过程存在“交易收益”，而科研项目遴选制度还要受到遴选成本的约束。

The defects of scientific research projects' selection institution: evidence and explanation

Although the scientific research projects' selection institution has played a very important role in subsidizing the scientific research,this institution really isn't flawless.The case study indicates that there are three serious defects in the scientific research projects' selection institution: the peer reviews lack consistency;there are stochastic in the selection outcome;the social relationship has influence on the peer reviews.It's because that the ownership of scientific research resources and achievements don't belong to the peer reviewers;there are asymmetric information phenomenon between the peer reviewers and the applicants;There are 'transaction profit' in the selection process;and the scientific research projects' selection institution is bound by the selection costs.