Inhibitory activities of microalgal extracts against Epstein-Barr virus DNA release from lymphoblastoid cells |
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Authors: | Yih-Yih Kok Wan-Loy Chu Siew-Moi Phang Shar Mariam Mohamed Rakesh Naidu Pey-Jiun Lai Shui-Nyuk Ling Joon-Wah Mak Patricia Kim-Chooi Lim Pauline Balraj Alan Soo-Beng Khoo |
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Institution: | Division of Human Biology, International Medical University, 57000 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia. |
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Abstract: | This study aimed to assess the inhibitory activities of methanol extracts from the microalgae Ankistrodesmus convolutus, Synechococcus elongatus, and Spirulina platensis against Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) in three Burkitt's lymphoma (BL) cell lines, namely Akata, B95-8, and P3HR-1. The antiviral activity was assessed by quantifying the cell-free EBV DNA using real-time polymerase chain reaction (PCR) technique. The methanol extracts from Ankistrodesmus convolutus and Synechococcus elongatus displayed low cytotoxicity and potent effect in reducing cell-free EBV DNA (EC(50)<0.01 μg/ml) with a high therapeutic index (>28000). After fractionation by column chromatography, the fraction from Synechococcus elongatus (SEF1) reduced the cell-free EBV DNA most effectively (EC(50)=2.9 μg/ml, therapeutic index>69). Upon further fractionation by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), the sub-fraction SEF1'a was most active in reducing the cell-free EBV DNA (EC(50)=1.38 μg/ml, therapeutic index>14.5). This study suggests that microalgae could be a potential source of antiviral compounds that can be used against EBV. |
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Keywords: | Microalgae Ankistrodesmus convolutus Synechococcus elongatus Spirulina platensis Lymphoblastoid cells Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) |
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