信息两面论质疑

信息两面论是大卫.J.查默斯（D.J.Chalmers）于1994年提出的一个旨在用非还原论方法解决意识之困难问题的新意识理论,主张信息是世界的根本特征,它具有物理和现象两个基本方面：信息的现象方面产生出心理意识现象,其物理方面则具体化于物理的神经加工活动之中。因此,信息两面论似可以不违科学规律地说明心理意识的产生与存在。然而,信息乃是一非独立的、无形质的意义性抽象东西,属于虚在的属性范畴;心理意识则是实在的主观现象,有具体可感的持存性,因而它不能以虚在的抽象信息为产生根据。又则,心理意识是有其活动主体的,但作为抽象意义的信息能够内含或产生出一种有支承能力的主体来吗？这是大可疑义的。再从科学机制上看,是大脑神经活动产生了心理意识现象,心理信息以心理现象为载体,它是神经活动信息的转换形式,而非神经信息的另一方面。所以,信息难能具有心物两面性。但查默斯的信息两面论以其对意识难题的深刻难解,从而也具有诸多的启发意义。

Query on Information Dual Aspect Theory

The information dual aspect theory, put forward by D. J. Chalmers in 1994, is a new solving the difficult problem of theory for in the way of non-reductionism. It maintains that the information is a fundamental feature of world, possessing two basic aspects in physics and phenomenon： The phenomenal aspect of information engenders mental phenomena, its physical aspect embodies in the physical activity of nerve processing. So, the dual aspect theory of information seems to explain the engendering andexistence of mind or consciousness without violating scientific laws. But the information is an invisible, independent, abstract thing of meaning, it belongs to void category of attribute; the mind or consciousness is real subjective phenomena, has concrete sensible continuity, thus it cannot use the void abstract information as grounds. Then, the mind or consciousness is by the action subject. Can the abstract information contain or engender the able real subject？ This is doubtful. Moreover, from scientific mechanism, it is the nerve action of brain that engender mental phenomena, mental information take mental phenomena as carrier, it is the changing form of information of nerve action, and is not the other aspect of nerve information. Therefore, the information cannot pessesse the dual aspects of mind and physics. But Chalmers＇ s dual aspect theory of information also has many enlightening meaning from his deep understand for the difficult problem of consciousness.