略论以色列的工业化

以色列是一个地不大、物不博的国家，但１９４８年以来却创造了经济发展的奇迹。在以色列存在着三种工业所有制形式，即国营经济、总工会经济和私营经济。其中，国营经济和总工会经济各占２０－２５％，私营经济占５０％。以色列的工业政策经济了从进口替代到出口导向战略的转变。工业化的成功经验表现在重视科技开发，经济政策的有效调整，以出口贸易带动工业增长等方面。

On Israeli Industrialization

The State of Israel,though small in territory and poor in natural resources,has made remarkable achievements in economy since its founding in 1948. There are three main types of industrial ownership in Israel, including government - owned sector, Histadrut (the General Federation for Labor) sector and private sector. The government and Histadrut each accounts for about 20-25 % of industry,and the private sector for 50%. Israeli industrial policy has underwent the significant transfer - from import - instituting industrialization to export-oriented development strategy. The successful experiences are highly valuing the high-oriented development, the practical adjustments in economic policies and industrial growing promoted by export trade.