《四库全书总目》正史类史学思想管窥

《四库全书总目》史部正史类提要中体现了四库馆臣丰富的史学思想,这些思想成为他们评价史书优劣的标准,如注重史书的考证,反对空疏议论;追求材料的精细详备;重视史书体例严谨与创新;贬抑史书嗜奇爱博的倾向;褒扬史书所写内容的广厚博大;反对刘知几等人的废表之论;推崇史书的实录精神等。馆臣的这些史学思想与明末清初时期盛行的实学思潮与经世致用观念息息相关。

Study of the Historiography Thoughts of Official History in The General Catalogue of Sikuquanshu

The outline to the official history in TheGeneral Catalogue of Sikuquanshu reveals a lot of his-toriography thoughts of the authors ,w hich have become the critical principles to judge and value historical books ,such as emphasizing textual research and against vague talk ;pursuing comprehensive materials ;atta-ching importance to preciseness and innovation of style and layout ;opposing novelty seeking tendency ;en-dorsing abundant content ,opposing the view of abolishing by Liu Zhi-ji and praising highly realistic spir-its and so on . These historiography thoughts have close relation to the epidemic practical thoughts in the late Ming and early Qing Dynasty .