Using eight trigrams (BaGua) approach with epistemological practice to vitalize problem-solving processes: A confirmatory analysis of R&D managers |
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| Authors: | Jon-Chao Hong Ming-Yueh Hwang Yu-Ju Chen Mei-Yung Chen Li-Chun Liu |
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| Institution: | 1. Department of Industrial Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan;2. Department of Adult and Continuing Education, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan;3. Department of Mechatronic Technology, National Taiwan Normal University, Taiwan;1. Department of Neurology, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;2. Research Institute for Diseases of Old Age, Juntendo University Graduate School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;3. Department of Research and Therapeutics for Movement Disorders, Juntendo University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan;4. Geriatric Research Education and Clinical Center, VA Puget Sound Health Care System, Seattle, WA, USA;5. Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA;6. Jichi-idai Station Brain Clinic, Tochigi, Japan;7. Department of Neuropsychiatry, Fukushima Medical University, Fukushima, Japan;1. Department of Oral Diagnosis and Medicine, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan;2. Department of Oral Physiology, Graduate School of Dental Medicine, Hokkaido University, Kita 13, Nishi 7, Kita-ku, Sapporo 060-8586, Japan;1. Department of Urology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India;2. Department of Pathology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India;3. Department of Obstetrics & Gynaecology, King George’s Medical University, Lucknow, India;4. Endocrinology Division, Central Drug Research Institute, Lucknow, India;1. Posgrado de Ciencia e Ingeniería de Materiales de la UNAM, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, C.P. 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico;2. Laboratory of Industrial Chemistry and Reaction Engineering, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo/Turku, Finland;3. Laboratory of Wood and Paper Chemistry, Process Chemistry Centre, Åbo Akademi University, FI-20500 Åbo/Turku, Finland;4. Boreskov Institute of Catalysis, Lavrentieva 5, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia;5. Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, Centro de Nanociencias y Nanotecnología, km. 107 Carretera Tijuana-Ensenada, C.P. 22860, Ensenada, Baja California, Mexico |
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| Abstract: | Eight trigrams (BaGua) is a philosophy that has played an essential role in Chinese life. The purpose of the present study is to extend the theory to organizational problem-solving, so that individuals can engage in creative problem solving and justification to discover the most effective approaches. Questionnaires were returned by 259 research and development managers, and were analyzed using the SEM statistical method. The results indicate that the interaction among each trigram in the model of BaGua was significantly correlated. Most of the hypotheses were supported. The more an individual interacted with others, with data and with devices, the higher the problem sensitivity and evaluation performance. Despite the finding that the Tui trigram was not significantly related to the Ken trigram, all other trigram elements significantly affected each other. This finding is discussed in terms of the confirmatory situation and the conceptualization of epistemology in problem-solving. |
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